Locationbased routing protocols gaf and its enhanced. The past few years have witnessed increased interest in the potential use of wireless sensor networks wsns in a wide range of applications and it has become a hot research area. Survey on energyefficient routing protocols in wireless. Wireless sensor networks is usually consisting of huge number of limited sensor devices which are communicated over the wireless media. As its name shows that it uses source routing instead of routing tables. A survey on routing protocols for largescale wireless sensor. Wireless sensor networks comprise of huge number of spatially distributed, lowpower, lowcost and intelligent autonomous sensors with one or more base stations which cooperatively monitor.
A comprehensive survey of routing protocols in wireless sensor. A survey on routing protocols of wireless sensor networks. Protocols in mobile cognitive wireless sensor networks. Wireless body sensor networks wbsns constitute a subset of wireless sensor networks wsns responsible for monitoring vital signrelated data of patients and accordingly route this data towards a sink.
A reliable data transfer using multiple sink for disaster management. In this survey paper, we present energy efficient hierarchical routing protocols, developed from. An analysis of the security of real time data diffusiona protocol for routing in wireless sensor networks is provided, along with various possible attacks and possible countermeasures. This paper surveys recent routing protocols for sensor networks and presents a classification for the various approaches pursued. This paper presents a survey of stateoftheart routing techniques in wireless sensor networks wsns. Energy efficient routing protocols for wireless sensor network. Mobility can be applied to the sensor nodes andor the sink node in the network. Dynamic source routing dsr is a routing protocol used in wireless sensor networks developed at cmu in 1996. Compared with traditional wireless networks, wsns are characterized with denser levels of node deployment, higher unreliability of sensor nodes and severe power, computation and memory constraints. Therefore, security in wsns is a challenging task due to inheritance limitations.
As sensor devices are limited, the networks exposed to various kinds of attacks and conventional defenses against these attacks are not suitable due to the resource constrained. These protocols are divided depending on the routing structure into hierarchicalbased, flatbased, and location. Theoretical analysis and factors influencing protocol design are also highlighted. New trends in secure routing protocols for wireless sensor networks alymohamedelsemary 1,2 andmohamedmostafaabdelazim 1,3 college of computer science and engineering, taibah university, almadina almunawwarah, saudi arabia faculty of engineering, alazhar university, cairo, egypt faculty of industrial education, benisuef university, beni. A novel energy efficient clustering protocol neecp 72. Wireless sensor networks wsns are used in many applications in military, ecological, and healthrelated areas. Underwater acoustic sensor networks uasns have become more and more important in ocean exploration applications, such as ocean monitoring, pollution detection, ocean resource management, underwater device maintenance, etc. Nowadays energyefficient routing in wireless sensor network is an important research issue. A comprehensive survey on hierarchicalbased routing. Part of the studies in computational intelligence book series sci, volume 278. So to enhance the lifetime of sensor network we need energyefficient routing protocol. Wireless sensor networks wsns are widely used in appli. Survey on data routing in wireless sensor networks springerlink.
Pdf routing protocols for wireless sensor networks wsns. Energy efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor. Routing protocols for wireless multimedia sensor network. There has been plenty of interest in building and deploying sensor networks. Due to dynamic topology, resource constraints and the distributed nature of wsns, several requirements of routing protocols needs to be fulfilled. Wireless sensor networks comprises of small size sensor nodes with sensing, computation and wireless communications capability. Survey on energyefficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks using game theory.
Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new protocols specifically designed for sensor net. Kemal akkaya and mohamed younis, a survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, computer science and electrical engineering, ad hoc networks 3 2005 325349, nov 2003. Pdf a survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor. Owing to a variety of advantages, clustering is becoming an active branch. Due to limited batterypower sensor nodes are highly energy constrained. Pdf survey of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. Based on the network topology in which the wsn routing takes place, the routing protocol can be classified as flat, hierarchical, location based, or direct.
A survey on flat routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. It severely affect the routing protocol in wireless sensor network, especially with. Underwater wireless sensor networks are used for the exploration of. Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks routing protocols have a wide scope in research area when implemented in wsn. Survey on routing protocols in wireless sensor networks by. A survey on recent techniques for energy efficient routing. Wireless sensor network is a collection of a large number of small nodes which acts as routers also. Each routing protocol is described and discussed under the appropriate category. Disasters are happening due to drastic environmental destructions that may cause damage to wireless data transmission networks. This change in topology can be the consequence of deaths or movement of a node. A novel multihop routing protocol for the mwsns, called proactive highly. The study of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks has been. A survey on power aware routing protocol for wireless.
Routing in sensor networks is very challenging, due to several characteristics that. Thus energysaving power aware routing protocol in wireless sensor networks is necessary for growing the network lifetime. A survey on clustering routing protocols in wireless. A survey on routing protocols in wireless sensor networks abstract. The majority of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks concentrates only on energy efficiency as a prime factor, and only very few approaches focus on quality of service qos.
Shinde, energy saving techniques in wireless sensor networks, international journal of scientific. An excellent text for both professionals and students. Previous work on the survey of wireless sensor network routing. Sensor nodes are remotely deployed in large numbers and expected to operate autonomously in harsh environments. Routing in dsr is divided into two parts, route discovery and route. An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in wireless sensor networks wsns. A wireless sensor network is composed of multifunctional sensor nodes scattered in sensing fields. A survey of routing issues and associated protocols in underwater wireless sensor. The design task of routing protocols for wsn is quite challenging because of multiple charac. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specially designed for wsns where energy awareness. Nowadays routing protocols are being designed, where energy awareness is an essential designing issue. A survey of four routing protocols for wireless sensor. Thus energy efficiency is one of the most important issues and designing energy efficient protocols is critical for prolonging the lifetime. The distributed nature and dynamic topology of wireless sensor networks wsns introduces very special requirements in routing protocols that should be met.
Routing protocols for wireless sensor networks wsns. A novel geocast technique with hole detection in underwater sensor networks, in. A comprehensive survey on hierarchicalbased routing protocols. A survey of hierarchical routing protocols in wireless sensor networks sridhar sharma m. Based on network structure, routing protocols in wsns can be divided into. This book presents an indepth study on the recent advances in wireless sensor networks wsns. In underwater acoustic sensor networks, since the routing protocol guarantees reliable and effective data transmission from the source node to the destination node. Dynamic source routing can be reactive or on demand. A survey analysis of routing protocols in wireless sensor. In this paper, survey on recent routing protocols for sensor networks along with their classification and approaches is done. A survey of four routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. This paper surveys recent routing protocols for sensor networks and presents a classi.
The three main categories explored in this paper are datacentric, hierarchical and locationbased. Routing protocols in wireless sensor networks springerlink. A survey on underwater acoustic sensor network routing. Energy efficient communication protocol for wireless. These protocols can be classified on the basis of network structure designed for the application, routing paths established, and network operations and as an initiator of communications. Application to routing and data diffusion discusses challenges involved in securing routing in wireless sensor networks with new hybrid topologies. Wireless sensor networks wsns are made up of small lowpower nodes that are used in different areas like environment monitoring and several military and civilian applications. Wireless sensor networks, nodes, energyaware routing, routing protocols, network. Communication protocols for wireless sensor networks. However, one critical challenge to wsns implementation is source location privacy.
Telecommunications industry applied research communications protocols methods computer network protocols wireless sensor networks research. A survey of routing protocols in wireless body sensor networks. Laboratorylamai,faculty of sciences and technology, university cadi ayyad marrakech, morocco corresponding author. In this paper we categorize various routing protocols in wsns into three major categories namely the flat networks routing protocols, the hierarchical networks routing protocols and the qos aware routing protocols. A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks. Part of the lecture notes in electrical engineering book series lnee, volume 366. Review article new trends in secure routing protocols for. This book provides both an insightful overview of the emerging field of wireless sensor networks, and an in depth treatment of algorithmic signal and information processing issues. The proposed protocols lie under different categories as mentioned, where the first class shows the routing protocols based on ant colony optimization. Survey on routing protocols in wireless sensor networks ijsrdvol. In this article we first discuss several challenging factors and issues that affects the wsns routing protocol design.
Based on network structure, routing protocols in wsns can be divided into two categories. A survey of hierarchical routing protocols in wireless. A survey analysis of routing protocols in wireless s ensor networks kaebeh yaeghoobi s. Routing in dsr is divided into two parts, route discovery and route maintenance. Report by international journal of digital information and wireless communications.
A survey of routing issues and associated protocols in underwater. Unlike gpsr which sends a pack et in a straight path towards the destination, tbf uses trajectory strategy. In this paper, we propose a novel treebased diversionary routing scheme for. A survey of security issues in wireless sensor networks yong wang university of nebraskalincoln. Abstract this research presents a survey of energy efficient routing protocols in sensor network by categorizing into a main classification as architecture based routing. A survey of security issues in wireless sensor networks. Locationbased routing protocols gaf and its enhanced versions in wireless sensor network a survey hanane aznaoui, said raghay, and layla aziz. A survey on routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. The most important feature of a routing protocol, in order to be efficient for wsns, is the energy consumption and the extension of the networks lifetime. A wireless sensor network contains a set of sensor devices that are usually operating on battery power with a limited energy resources and due to the dimensionality of these networks, replacing the batteries is a complicated task. Routing in wireless sensor networks network routing. Introducing mobility to wireless sensor networks wsns puts new challenges particularly in designing of routing protocols. A survey of routing techniques that are developed for wireless adhoc or wsn. Such a solution o er various advantages, as it selforganizes the network to a variation in topology.
In this paper, analysis of different power aware routing algorithms has. Many number of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks have been developed according to the principles of swarm intelligence. Secure multipath routing protocols in wireless sensor. Architecture based routing is further classified into two main areas. Many routing protocols have been developed to support the mobility of wsns. Wireless sensor networks wsns consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities.
A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, sustainable wireless sensor networks, winston seah and yen kheng tan, intechopen, doi. In this paper, we give in detailed survey of flat routing protocols. Part of the lecture notes in electrical engineering book series lnee. It addresses the study of the collective behaviours of systems made by many components that coordinate using decentralised controls and selforganisation. Energyefficient routing protocols in wireless sensor. This survey divides the hierarchicalbased routing protocols into two broad groups. The authors describe the existing wsn applications and discuss the research efforts being undertaken in this field. Deborah estrin, center for embedded networked sensing, ucla. A survey on routing protocols for largescale wireless sensor networks. A survey of routing protocol in wireless sensor networks thesis. A survey on routing protocols in wireless sensor network. In our survey, we can realize that the proposed protocols for wireless multimedia sensor network have different methodologies and one goal which satisfies the multimedia transmission requirements.
802 362 803 1290 178 1436 152 361 662 276 138 786 570 1132 1329 477 9 855 1161 681 1311 431 1262 428 1043 1110 1336 114 973 775 6